What group of substances is known for their psychoactive effects often related to alertness and energy?

Stimulants are a class of substances that have a pronounced effect on the central nervous system, primarily by increasing alertness, energy, and activity levels. These substances can elevate mood, enhance feelings of well-being, and increase focus, making them popular in various contexts, including both medical and recreational use.

Common examples of stimulants include caffeine, nicotine, and certain prescription medications such as amphetamines. The stimulating effects make them particularly appealing for individuals seeking increased cognitive performance or temporary relief from fatigue. This group of substances is often associated with increased heart rate, elevated blood pressure, and heightened energy levels, which are characteristic of their psychoactive properties.

Understanding stimulants helps to differentiate their effects from those of other substance groups. For instance, hallucinogens alter perception and may induce visual or auditory hallucinations, while depressants slow down brain activity leading to sedation or relaxation. Anxiolytics are a specific subset of depressants used primarily to reduce anxiety. Recognizing these distinctions is crucial for comprehending the broader spectrum of psychoactive substances and their impacts on behavior and physiological responses.